Thank you all very much for being here. It is true that I have been to each one of these openings of the China Pavilion. It is because of the importance of China as a leader of the world community. I will say that it is also because of my deep personal respect for Xie Zhenhua. I have worked for many many years on the climate crisis. There is no more valued partner than Mr. Xie. If there were just a few more of him, climate crisis would be solved. He is a humble man, and represents the national interests of China extremely well, and he’s very skillful in the negotiations.
He’s also become a personal friend over the years. We have known each other for 25 years almost. When I first gave a presentation at the Great Hall of the People on the climate crisis, we were both young men then, but he's still younger than me. And I still value his advice as I would value the advice of an older brother. Thank you very much for your hard work, for all of the time you have invested in mastering the complexities of the climate crisis and the solutions.
I also want to acknowledge my dear friend, Wang Shi, who is a leader in the business community in China and in the world. We have worked together for several years and together hosted a meeting of the largest urban developers in China for two days in Beijing and developed a set of principles for climate responsible development. And all of the largest property developers and urban designers in China agreed to these principles. And then the government said, ok, we're going to codify these in law. So, those are only some of the fruits of our work together. And I want to thank Wang Shi and the Vanke Foundation for hosting this event.
This is a difficult Conference of the Parties, but I am optimistic that at its conclusion, we will see progress being made as we have almost all of these conferences. The period of time between the Paris Agreement and the 2020 review period, when all nations will be asked to increase their ambition is a critical time. And the adoption of a rule book here, transparency principles and other items on the agenda are very important. I know the Secretary General of the United Nations was here yesterday and is coming back tonight and will be here tomorrow as well. And I'm very grateful to him for that.
感謝大家今天來參會，確實，我參加了每一次中國角活動。這是因為中國是國際社會領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，地位舉足輕重。當(dāng)然，也是因為我對解振華先生有著深深的敬意。我在氣候危機方面工作了很多年，解先生是最重要的合作伙伴。如果有更多的像解先生這樣的伙伴，氣候危機就會解決了。解先生非常謙虛，很好地代表了中國的國家利益，談判技巧也非常嫻熟。
多年來，我們私交深厚。我們已經(jīng)相識約25年了，當(dāng)我第一次在人民大會堂做氣候危機的演講時，我們都還是年輕人，如今他依然比我年輕。而且我一如既往地重視他的建議，就像聽取兄長的建議一樣。非常感謝您的辛勤工作以及您在掌握氣候危機的復(fù)雜性和尋找解決方案所投入的時間。
我還要感謝我親愛的朋友王石，他是享譽中外的商界領(lǐng)袖。我們合作了幾年，也曾經(jīng)在北京共同召開了為期兩天的城市開發(fā)商會議，匯集了中國最大的開發(fā)商，并制定了一套氣候責(zé)任發(fā)展原則。中國所有的大型房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商和知名城市設(shè)計師都贊同這些原則。中國政府也同意將這些內(nèi)容在法律中進行體現(xiàn)。這些只是我們共同努力的部分成果。我要感謝王石先生和萬科公益基金會主辦此次活動。
組織這樣的會議并不容易，但我十分樂觀，這次活動將會像之前的會議一樣，取得豐碩的成果。《巴黎協(xié)定》自通過之時起到2020年盤點期之間的時間十分關(guān)鍵，所有國家都必須制定更高的目標。規(guī)則手冊的采用、透明度原則和議程上的其他項目都非常重要。我知道聯(lián)合國秘書長昨天也來到這里，今晚和明天也會蒞臨現(xiàn)場，我非常感謝他的到來。
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I want to praise China's leadership and endorse some of the points made by Xie Zhenhua. China is one of the few countries on track to meet its Paris commitments and has already exceeded some of its own targets on renewables. China has become a global leader in financing renewable energy, having accounted for 40% of global clean energy investment in calendar year 2017, China invested over 40 billion dollars in clean energy around the world in 2017 from all sources.
And last year, China by itself added more solar electric generation 53 gigawatts than any other country had in total at that time. Remarkably, China also accounted for around 60% of all global solar cell production. So, the world would not be as far along as it is in solving the climate crisis, except for what China has done.
It has also invested in a range of additional fields, including wind power, electric cars and buses. Shanghai and Shenzhen are already buying only electric buses. Other cities around the world are budging to reach that milestone soon. Energy storage is also a prominent field of Chinese investments. And the introduction of a new emissions trading market in some sectors with the intention to expand to other sectors is also a very important accomplishment.
There are a host of other parallel programs and initiatives promoting low carbon development in Chinese cities. I also wish to endorse Mr. Xie’s comments about the relationship between economic development and the reduction of carbon emissions.
And I would like to give you a few examples from my country, the number one fastest growing job in the United States of America is solar installers. These jobs are growing nine times faster than the average job growth in the United States. The number two fastest growing job in the United States is wind turbine technician.
The world is now in the early stages of what can be described as a sustainability revolution. And it is based on the new tools that engineers and business leaders have available to them, artificial intelligence, machine learning, the internet of things, big data, supercomputing. These tools are giving business teams the ability to manage electrons, atoms and molecules with the same precision that the information technology companies have used in managing bits of information.
This sustainability revolution has the magnitude of the industrial revolution with the speed of the digital revolution. And it is transforming business and industrial activities in every sector of the economy. I must say, also, however, that our world is running out of time. We are still putting one hundred ten million tons of man-made heat trapping global warming pollution into the atmosphere every day.
我想贊賞中國的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，也贊同解振華先生提出的觀點。中國是少數(shù)幾個有望履行巴黎承諾的國家之一，并且已經(jīng)超額實現(xiàn)了一些可再生能源目標。中國已成為可再生能源融資的全球領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。2017年，中國對清潔能源的投資占全球的40％，通過各個渠道的融資，在全球范圍內(nèi)對該領(lǐng)域的投入超過400億美元。
去年，中國新增太陽能發(fā)電量53吉瓦，比其他國家的總量還多。值得注意的是，中國同時占全球太陽能電池產(chǎn)量的60％左右。因此，如果沒有中國所做的貢獻，全球在解決氣候危機問題上不能達到現(xiàn)有的高度。
中國在其他領(lǐng)域也有投資，比如風(fēng)力發(fā)電、電動汽車和電動公交車。目前，上海和深圳只采購電動公交車。世界各地的其他城市也將改變態(tài)度迎來這一里程碑。儲能也是中國投資的一個重要領(lǐng)域。在某些行業(yè)引入新的碳排放交易市場以此推廣至其他行業(yè)，這也是一項非常重要的成就。
還有許多促進中國城市低碳發(fā)展的并行計劃和舉措。我也贊同解先生關(guān)于經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與減少碳排放之間關(guān)系的評論。
我想舉幾個美國的例子。美國增長最快的工作是太陽能安裝工。這些工作的增長速度是美國就業(yè)平均增速的九倍。排名第二的是風(fēng)力渦輪機技術(shù)員。
可以說，世界現(xiàn)在處于可持續(xù)性革命的早期階段。它基于工程師和商業(yè)領(lǐng)袖可以使用的新工具，包括人工智能、機器學(xué)習(xí)、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)、大數(shù)據(jù)和超級計算。這些工具使業(yè)務(wù)團隊能夠精準地處理電子、原子和分子，如同信息技術(shù)公司管理信息可以精確到位元一樣精準。
這場可持續(xù)性革命具有工業(yè)革命的量級和數(shù)字革命的速度。它正在改變各個經(jīng)濟部門的商業(yè)和工業(yè)活動。然而，我必須說，我們的世界已經(jīng)沒時間可以浪費了，我們?nèi)匀幻刻飚a(chǎn)生1.1億噸碳排放，日復(fù)一日持續(xù)加劇全球變暖。
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After three years of stabilized emissions, emissions started going up again last year, 1.7 percent. And this year, at least according to the statistics of measuring the first nine months of this year, the emissions have gone up 2.7 percent. And it is, after all, not just the annual additions to the global warming pollution in the atmosphere. It is the accumulated amount, because on average, this global warming pollution stays in the atmosphere for very long periods of time, much of it for a thousand years and more.
And the cumulative amount that we have put into the atmosphere now traps as much extra heat energy as would be released by five hundred thousand Hiroshima-class atomic bombs exploding every day. This extra heat energy is melting the North Pole in winter. It is melting the ice on Greenland and Antarctica and threatening to radically accelerate sea level rise, threatening areas like Guangzhou, Shanghai, Miami, New York, Newark, and not to mention Kolkata, Mumbai, West Africa, the low-lying pacific island nations and the delta Bangladesh, countless regions where our coastal species have built cities and villages and homes and farms.
We are seeing temperatures increased quite dramatically. Seventeen of the eighteen hottest years ever measured have been in the last eighteen years. In a few weeks, the scientists will add 2018 to that list. And we will say eighteen of the nineteen hottest years have happened in the last nineteen years. We are seeing temperatures reach extremely high levels in some areas of Pakistan, India, the Middle East and North Africa.
And this extra heat energy is disrupting the water cycle upon which life depends because more than 90% of the heat energy goes into the oceans of the world. And that increases dramatically the water vapor coming from the oceans into the sky. The atmospheric rivers that carry this moisture over the land are often fifty times larger than the Yangtze River. And when they meet the conditions over the land that trigger a downpour. What results are rain booms that cause destructive flooding and mud slides and rock slides. And there has already been great loss of life in China, in the US and other countries around the world.
碳排放穩(wěn)定了三年之后，去年的排放量再次上升1.7％。而今年，根據(jù)前九個月的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，排放量上升了2.7％。不過，導(dǎo)致全球變暖的污染并不僅僅來自每年新增的排放，而是累積的排放。平均而言，這種導(dǎo)致全球變暖的污染在很長一段時間內(nèi)都會停留在大氣中，其中大部分都會持續(xù)一千年甚至更長時間。
大氣層中我們累計的相當(dāng)于每天有五十萬個廣島級原子彈爆炸所釋放的熱能。這種額外的熱能在冬天也能融化北極。這種額外的熱能正使格陵蘭島和南極洲的冰層融化，并飛快地加速海平面上升，威脅到廣州、上海、邁阿密、紐約、紐瓦克等地區(qū)，更不用說加爾各答、孟買、西非、低洼太平洋島國和孟加拉三角洲等不計其數(shù)的地區(qū)，而這些地區(qū)的人們建有城市、村莊、房屋和農(nóng)場。
我們看到氣溫急劇上升。有史以來最熱的18年中，有17年出現(xiàn)在過去的18年里。幾個星期后，科學(xué)家們將會把2018年也列入其中。也就是說在最熱的19年中，有18年出現(xiàn)在過去的19年里。我們看到巴基斯坦、印度、中東和北非的一些地區(qū)已達到極度高溫。
而這種額外的熱能正在破壞生命所賴以生存的水循環(huán)，因為超過90%的太陽能進入了海洋。這大大增加了從海洋進入大氣的水蒸氣，大氣中攜帶的水量是長江的50倍。當(dāng)他們遇到引發(fā)傾盆大雨的條件時，雨水會導(dǎo)致破壞性的洪水、泥石流和巖石滑坡。在中國、美國和世界其他國家，很多人因此喪生。
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Moreover, heating of the oceans makes the typhoons much stronger and invests them with much more water. And so their destructive power is much greater. The same extra heat also pulls the moisture out of the soil and makes the droughts deeper and makes them last longer. Inner Mongolia has just had a devastating drought. The American Midwest and Southwest have also had such droughts. And as Mr. Xie mentioned, the devastating fires and California have also been a consequence, but not only in California, in countries all over the world. In Sweden this year, there were six fires above the Arctic circle. Part of Greenland caught on fire, not the area covered by the ice, but the area is still covered by vegetation.
Tropical diseases are moving northward in the northern hemisphere into regions where they have never been prominent before. Ticks, mosquitoes and other vectors that carry these diseases are spreading.
So the bad news is suffering, and we must respond to it. The good news is encouraging, and it is almost miraculous. And indeed, due partly to China's leadership that we have seen the emergence of these new alternatives to fossil fuels and to development patterns that contribute to the destruction of our future. How do we solve the crisis by implementing these solutions? We need policies that stop subsidizing the burning of fossil fuels and start encouraging the acceleration of this transition called the sustainability revolution.
此外，海洋升溫使得臺風(fēng)攜帶更多的雨水，也使其破壞力更大。同樣，全球變暖也會使土壤蒸發(fā)更多水分，使干旱更嚴重，并持續(xù)更長時間。內(nèi)蒙古剛剛發(fā)生了毀滅性的旱災(zāi)。美國中西部和西南部也經(jīng)歷了這樣的旱災(zāi)。解先生提到的加利福尼亞毀滅性的火災(zāi)也是一個后果，其實不僅發(fā)生在加州，而是在世界各國。今年，瑞典的北極圈地區(qū)發(fā)生了6次火災(zāi)。格陵蘭的部分地區(qū)也發(fā)生火災(zāi)，不是被冰覆蓋的地區(qū)，而是在仍有植被覆蓋的地區(qū)。
熱帶疾病正在向北移動到北半球以前從未大規(guī)模傳播的地區(qū)。攜帶這些疾病的蜱蟲、蚊子和其他載體正在蔓延。
所以我們必須對令人痛苦的壞消息采取行動。好消息令人鼓舞，簡直稱得上奇跡。實際上，一定程度上來說，在中國的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，我們已經(jīng)看到取代化石燃料的替代資源以及取代破壞性發(fā)展模式的新模式。我們?nèi)绾螌嵤┻@些解決方案來解決氣候危機？我們需要制定政策，停止補貼化石燃料，并開始鼓勵加速可持續(xù)性革命的轉(zhuǎn)型。
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In order for these new policies to succeed, they must be global in scope. And that is why we are all here. This effort, which began in 1992 at the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit continues, but it is now evident that we are not moving fast enough. The problem is getting worse more quickly than we are implementing the solutions.
And while I used to be a diplomat of sorts, I now can speak a little more freely. And I must confess to you that I'm deeply concerned about the policies pursued by the president of my own country.
But for those of you who quietly share that opinion, I want to give you some encouragement on that front as well. Last month, the elections for the US congress represented the biggest repudiation of a sitting president in the entire history of the United States during a midterm election. And it may represent an indication that less than two years from now, the presidency may change.
And President Trump’s stated intention to withdraw from the Paris Agreement cannot be implemented legally until the first day after the next presidential election. So the people of my country still have the deciding role in US policies where the Paris Agreement are concerned. And if a new president is in office, excuse me for a moment, then a new president can give thirty-day notice, and the US would be right back in the Paris Agreement. So for anyone who listens to Donald J Trump, who has become the face of global climate denial, and feels some temptation to despair, I hope the United States will return to good political health.
為了使新政策取得成功，必須在全球?qū)用鎴?zhí)行。這就是為什么今天我們都聚集于此。全球?qū)用娴呐κ加?992年里約熱內(nèi)盧的地球峰會，雖然我們?nèi)栽诔掷m(xù)努力，但顯然我們的行動速度還不夠快。問題的惡化遠比我們實施解決方案的速度更快。
我曾常常發(fā)表外交辭令，但現(xiàn)在我可以更自由地表達了。我必須承認，我非常擔(dān)心我國總統(tǒng)所奉行的政策。
但對于那些私底下贊同我的觀點的人，我想給你們一些鼓舞人心的消息。上個月在中期選舉期間，美國國會的選舉反映了在美國整個歷史上對于現(xiàn)任總統(tǒng)的最大否定。這可能預(yù)示，即從現(xiàn)在起還有不到兩年的時間，總統(tǒng)座位上的人可能會發(fā)生變化。
雖然特朗普總統(tǒng)宣布退出《巴黎協(xié)定》，但是要到下一屆總統(tǒng)選舉日的次日后才能合法實施。因此，我國民眾在與《巴黎協(xié)定》相關(guān)的美國政策中仍然具有決定性作用。如果新總統(tǒng)當(dāng)選，原諒我這么說，那么新總統(tǒng)可以提前三十天通知，而美國將會重新回到《巴黎協(xié)定》中。因此，特朗普已經(jīng)成為否認全球氣候的代言人，對于那些聽到唐納德·特朗普的言論，并且感到絕望的人，我想說我希望美國能夠恢復(fù)良好的政治健康。
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Help is on the way. It is not far off. In the meantime, we must continue with our work to implement the policies that we know can succeed if we accelerate the pace of progress. And of course, both of our countries, China and the United States, must continue to make changes. Mr. Xie mentioned California. California, if it were a nation, would be the fifth largest economy in the world. And California since the meeting in San Francisco that we both shared, has just legally bounded itself to become a zero carbon economy by 2045. And California has a well-established record of actually doing what it says it will do.
Meanwhile, the newly elected members of the US congress are providing new leadership and demanding a green new deal, a reference to Franklin Roosevelt's plan in the 1930s. But with a twist, we can create tens of millions of new jobs, building renewable energy, electric vehicles, battery storage, retrofitting buildings, designing urban communities according to a climate friendly model, transforming agriculture and forestry to sustainable models, and the most difficult challenge of all, implementing a circular economy, which President Xi Jinping has provided leadership in advocating. We can solve this crisis.
And when we do, it will be China and the US who will have provided the critical leadership. I have to say we must stop financing the construction of dirty coal plants in other countries. And the US must stop subsidizing the burning of fossil fuels. So there are items on the agenda for both countries, even as we look toward a future of peaceful cooperation. This relationship, which was the key to the Paris Agreement one year before the Paris Agreement was signed, will continue to be the key to world progress.
I will simply close, as I often do, by saying that anyone who doubts that we as human beings in this moment, when our decisions will have a profound impact on the lives of all generations to follow us, if anyone doubts that, we as human beings in the United States, in China, in the rest of the world, have the political will to do what is necessary. Please remember that political will is itself a renewable resource. Xiexie.
事態(tài)即將改變。與此同時，我們必須繼續(xù)努力實施政策，我們知道只要加快步伐，這些政策就能成功。當(dāng)然，中國和美國都必須繼續(xù)做出改變。解先生提到了加州，如果把加州看作是一個國家，它則是世界第五大經(jīng)濟體。加州自舊金山會議后，在法律上承諾到2045年形成零碳經(jīng)濟。加州一直是言出必行的范例。
與此同時，新當(dāng)選的美國國會議員正在展示新的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力，并要求仿照20世紀30年代的羅斯福新政執(zhí)行綠色新政。綠色新政下，我們可以創(chuàng)造數(shù)以千萬計的新工作崗位，發(fā)展可再生能源、電動汽車、電池存儲，對建筑進行節(jié)能改造，根據(jù)氣候友好模式設(shè)計城市社區(qū)，將農(nóng)業(yè)和林業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榭沙掷m(xù)模式，以及實行循環(huán)經(jīng)濟，這是最有挑戰(zhàn)性的一項，也是習(xí)近平主席倡導(dǎo)的模式。我們可以解決這場危機。
只有當(dāng)中國和美國發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作用時，我們才能解決這場氣候危機。我們必須停止為其他國家的污染大氣的火力發(fā)電廠提供資金。美國必須停止補貼化石燃料。在我們展望和平合作的未來時，兩國都要將這些項目納入議程。兩國的關(guān)系是“巴黎協(xié)定”簽署的關(guān)鍵，在簽署前一年如此，也將繼續(xù)成為世界進步的關(guān)鍵。
我想用我常說的幾句話來結(jié)尾。此刻如果有人懷疑，我們?nèi)祟惖臎Q定是否會對我們的后代產(chǎn)生深遠的影響，請加入我們；如果有人懷疑，美國人、中國人以及在世界各國的人民是否有政治意愿去完成應(yīng)有之義，請記住——政治意愿本身也是一種可再生資源。謝謝！
（本文由演講錄音整理，未經(jīng)演講人審閱。）